Fibonacci pattern series#

McArthur explained that “the average ratio of upper central incisor to lower central incisor is 1.62.” Soon after, in 1987, Shoemaker “wrote a series of articles promoting the use of the Golden Proportion as an adjunct to cosmetic Dentistry.” The article, “Le nombre d’or” (1989) by Amoric showed “many Golden Proportions in cephalometric tracings at various stages of facial growth and also included geometrical propositions.” In “Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth Widths” (1985), Dr. In addition, the four front teeth, from central incisor to premolar, are in Golden Proportion to each other.

Stephen Marquardt, an eminent oral surgeon in California, “the height of the central incisor is in Golden Proportion to the width of the two central incisors.” Dentists have used this information when addressing “a host of dental aesthetic problems.” Golden Proportion grids have been developed which show Golden Rectangle relationships between the widths and heights of eight teeth of the anterior aesthetic segment, the incisors. Other examples supposedly include the ratio between the total height of the body and the distance from head to the finger tips, and “the distances from head to naval and naval to hill.” Then there is the proportion between the forearm and upper arm and the one between the hand and forearm all of these are said to follow the rule of Golden Ratio (Akhtaruzzaman and Shafie).ĭentists interested in the health of their patients study the relationships between dental aesthetics and the golden proportion. The ratio of the height of the whole head to that of the head above the nose is also said to be Phi (Akhtaruzzaman and Shafie). Many features of the “ideal” human face are said to have ratios equal to φ the dimension relationships between the eyes, ears, mouth and nose, for instance. All of these numbers – 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34 and 55 – are numbers in the Fibonacci series. The base column of human body structure therefore totals 55 (21 + 34 = 55) bones (Akhtaruzzaman and Shafie). Human backbone with the skull consists of 34 bones: Eight skull bones (Crania), 24 Vertebrae, one Sacrum and one Coccyx. Fourteen facial bones, six middle ear bones and the throat total 21 bones. There are 12 pairs of ribs but some claim (without scientific evidence) that man in the past had 13 pairs of ribs. Continuing the count, the human arm together with fingers consists of eight parts. Back to the hand, five fingers are connected to five metacarpal bones forming the basis of the palm, which is connected to the wrist structure. Through these, five senses equip the body to interact with the world around it: sight, sound, touch, taste and smell. Hutchison and Hutchison).įive appendages adjoin the torso: the arms, legs and a head five appendages are on each of these: five fingers on hands and foot and there are five openings on the face. Specifically, radiological and anatomical studies show that “the lengths for the index, long, and ring fingers follow a newly identified, specific mathematical pattern, the Littler series, which is closely related to the Fibonacci series” (Yetkin, et al.

These dimensions allow for the flawless execution and adaptability of “transitory movements of the digits” when grasping. Considering each finger individually, the lengths the phalangeal bones relate to each other according to the rule of golden proportion (Akhtaruzzaman and Shafie). Three is represented by the number of bones in each leg and arm and the three main parts of the hand: wrist, metacarpus and set of fingers consisting of three phalanxes, main, mean and nail. Then there are pairs: arms, legs, eyes, ears. Simple observation confirms that Fibonacci numbers are represented by many human parts: one trunk, one head, one heart, etc.

The majority of organs in the human body maintain their overall shape and proportions as they grow (Sacco). The progression of the Fibonacci numbers and ratio are well suited to describing organic growth in the human body because they have the properties of self-similarity and of “gnomonic growth ” that is, only the size changes while the shape remains constant. For example, the cochlea of the ear is a Fibonacci spiral as is the spiral of the umbilical cord. The same phenomena of Phi that is found in nature’s objects from snail shells to the spirals of galaxies is found also in the design and structure of the human body. (Previous Section: Fibonacci in Space and Geography) Buy Now on Amazon All citations are catalogued on the Citations page. This is an excerpt from Master Fibonacci: The Man Who Changed Math.